Essay about A Case Related to Death, Dying and Bereavement

Introduction Death, dying and bereavement would bring different memories and emotion to bereaved person. There were different manifestations of grief (Strobe, Schut, Strobe, 2007). In the grieving process, we would experience depression, anxiety and fear about death and dying. We also felt loneliness, shock and numbness during death and dying. In addition, there were also some common grief reactions to the bereaved person too. They lost their appetite, sleeping disturbance, being exhausted and many complaints about somatic and physically (Worden, 1991; Stroebe, Schut, Stroebe, 2007). The grieving process may have its pathway (McKissock, D., McKissock, M., Bereavement C.A.R.E. Centre., 1998). In this pathway, it seems to†¦show more content†¦It may last for longer than moments or months (Kubler-Ross, 19732005; Santrock, 2007). The second stage is Anger. In this stage, the dying person or bereaved person were difficulty in settle down their emotions. It was very difficult to care them which was due to their misplaced feelings of irritable. Resentment and jealousy was become a symoblic their life. They might be angry to the world. They might be angry about the facts that he did before, even though they couldn’t do anything to stopped it (Kubler-Ross, 19732005; Santrock, 2007). They felt upset about the loss, they became angry to themselves or other person. But also the angry feelings would expressed towards to the deceased (Kubler-Ross, 19732005; Santrock, 2007). The third stage is Bargaining. In this stage, people would negotiate between life an death. However, the hope for these oeple was focusing on how to pospone or delay the death. During facing death, they would keep asking or bargaining with the god that th eperson believes in. Some people would said that â€Å"Just le me live to see my grandson graduate; or â€Å" If I do this, will you take away part of the loss or the whole of the loss?† (Kubler-Ross, 19732005; Santrock, 2007) The fourth stage is Depression. In this stage, the dying perso gradually understood the certainly of their death. They became silent, refused visitors and spend much time for crying and grieving. Though theyShow MoreRelatedNormal Vs. Atypical Grief And Bereavement1012 Words   |  5 PagesNormal vs. Atypical Grief and Bereavement Introduction †¢ Between 5-9% of the population loses a loved one each year †¢ 80-90% proceed through the grieving process without the need for formal treatment or intervention Normal Bereavement †¢ Bereavement is the medical term for the state of having lost a close relationship1 †¢ Grief is the emotional response caused by a loss – pain, distress, physical and emotional suffering1 †¢ Mourning is the psychological/cultural process through which the bereaved personRead MoreDeath Is The Study Of Dying, Death, And Bereavement1716 Words   |  7 Pagesstudy of dying, death, and bereavement.† I believe that the study of death will be a topic to be discussed and forever researched. There are many different aspects of death that I believe people can study, rather it be cultural believes, medically researching different processes of death, or even just what your own personal discovery of what death exactly is or what happens after death. No one can interview the dead. No one can find out if death is peaceful, or if there is life after death, or whatRead MoreGrappling With Grief By The Survivor Essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesGrappling with Grief â€Å"Guilt is perhaps the most painful companion of death,† (Brainyquote.com, 2016). Life in this day-and-age may often seem unkind, society is inherently violent, as demonstrated in popular films and television series. Many individuals seek to obtain professions that require the employee to regularly stake their own livelihood and safety on the line. Accompanied by the risk necessary to earn nominal wages, exists the probability that friends and co-workers, with whom one may haveRead MoreSummary Of Sweet Wild Boy 1165 Words   |  5 Pagesasked his loyal friend to come and visit. This did not sit well with Mark’s wife, who never supported his friendship with David. Mark left his wife and took David to his parents’ house to live out the rest of his days. He could not see his best friend dying alone in a hospital. By this time Marks’ mother had Alzheimer’s; he found her one day in David’s room whispering to him, â€Å"My sweet wild boy.â €  David had passed and a year later Mark’s mother passed as well. Due to the passing of two very importantRead MoreStages Of Grief By Elisabeth Kubler Ross1399 Words   |  6 PagesUniversity â€Æ' Stages of Grief Stages of Grief Elisabeth Kà ¼bler-Ross developed methods for counseling after personal traumas and grief related to the death and dying process. Higher stages of grief implementation, utilization occurs within the grief and hospice care. Kubler-Ross and Kessler (nd) indicates that misunderstanding surrounds her stages of death as those focused on the typical responses that people experience when they suffer a loss. Kubler-Ross and Kessler acknowledge how everyoneRead MoreThe Consequences of Adolescent Suicide1241 Words   |  5 Pagesthe various views of taking one’s own life. Suicide, and its tragic aftermath, has been the source of award winning movies such as Ordinary People and Leaving Las Vegas, along with the public debate, regarding assisted euthanasia, spotlighted in the case of Dr. Jack Kevorkian. Reports of skyrocketing suicide numbers amongst military personnel and veterans have permeated the national news in recent years. Suicide is even linked to martyrdom with numerous Pre sidents having bestowed our nation’s highestRead MorePalliative Care : A Type Of Health Care For Patients And Families1620 Words   |  7 Pageswork collaboratively with other members of the team to help the patient achieve symptom management, education, communication, and adequate pain medication administration. Carper’s Ways of Knowing (1978) Empirics The science of nursing practice related to palliative treatment would be to care for a patient in accordance to best practice and standard Saskatoon Health Region procedures when working in Rosthern Hospital. An example of the science of nursing during patient care is properly administeringRead MoreHistory And Theories Of Grief1622 Words   |  7 Pagesintense grief known; therefore, bereaved parents are at risk of developing mental disorders (Fasse Zech, 2015). In addition to this unimaginable loss, one must address how to process the loss of a child (Hefren, 2015). Models of coping with bereavement have emerged to provide ways for parents to cope with the grief of losing a child. These include: the dual-process model (DPM) and the meaning-reconstruction model. According to Stroebe and Schut, the dual-process model providesRead MoreDeath in Cross Cultural Perspectives1927 Words   |  8 PagesDeath in cross cultural perspectives Death is inevitable part of human experience, which is often associated with fear of unknown, separation, and spiritual connection. Death is an individual experience, which is based on unique perceptions and beliefs. Fear of death and dying seems to be a universal phenomenon, which is closely associated with apprehension and uneasiness. Death is allied with permanent loss, thus personal experiences of grief are similar in many different cultures. There are differentRead MoreCaring Hospice Business Plan1682 Words   |  7 Pagesoffer compassionate and caring end of life care for terminally ill patients and their families in southeast Missouri. The company name â€Å"Caring Hospice† is catchy and easily remembered by consumers. The name indicates that this company will care for dying loved ones. MARKET ANALYSIS Caring Hospice will be located in Poplar Bluff, Missouri. This is the southeastern region of the state. It is comprised of poor communities where residents often are forced to travel as far as fifty miles or more

Essay about A Case Related to Death, Dying and Bereavement

Introduction Death, dying and bereavement would bring different memories and emotion to bereaved person. There were different manifestations of grief (Strobe, Schut, Strobe, 2007). In the grieving process, we would experience depression, anxiety and fear about death and dying. We also felt loneliness, shock and numbness during death and dying. In addition, there were also some common grief reactions to the bereaved person too. They lost their appetite, sleeping disturbance, being exhausted and many complaints about somatic and physically (Worden, 1991; Stroebe, Schut, Stroebe, 2007). The grieving process may have its pathway (McKissock, D., McKissock, M., Bereavement C.A.R.E. Centre., 1998). In this pathway, it seems to†¦show more content†¦It may last for longer than moments or months (Kubler-Ross, 19732005; Santrock, 2007). The second stage is Anger. In this stage, the dying person or bereaved person were difficulty in settle down their emotions. It was very difficult to care them which was due to their misplaced feelings of irritable. Resentment and jealousy was become a symoblic their life. They might be angry to the world. They might be angry about the facts that he did before, even though they couldn’t do anything to stopped it (Kubler-Ross, 19732005; Santrock, 2007). They felt upset about the loss, they became angry to themselves or other person. But also the angry feelings would expressed towards to the deceased (Kubler-Ross, 19732005; Santrock, 2007). The third stage is Bargaining. In this stage, people would negotiate between life an death. However, the hope for these oeple was focusing on how to pospone or delay the death. During facing death, they would keep asking or bargaining with the god that th eperson believes in. Some people would said that â€Å"Just le me live to see my grandson graduate; or â€Å" If I do this, will you take away part of the loss or the whole of the loss?† (Kubler-Ross, 19732005; Santrock, 2007) The fourth stage is Depression. In this stage, the dying perso gradually understood the certainly of their death. They became silent, refused visitors and spend much time for crying and grieving. Though theyShow MoreRelatedNormal Vs. Atypical Grief And Bereavement1012 Words   |  5 PagesNormal vs. Atypical Grief and Bereavement Introduction †¢ Between 5-9% of the population loses a loved one each year †¢ 80-90% proceed through the grieving process without the need for formal treatment or intervention Normal Bereavement †¢ Bereavement is the medical term for the state of having lost a close relationship1 †¢ Grief is the emotional response caused by a loss – pain, distress, physical and emotional suffering1 †¢ Mourning is the psychological/cultural process through which the bereaved personRead MoreDeath Is The Study Of Dying, Death, And Bereavement1716 Words   |  7 Pagesstudy of dying, death, and bereavement.† I believe that the study of death will be a topic to be discussed and forever researched. There are many different aspects of death that I believe people can study, rather it be cultural believes, medically researching different processes of death, or even just what your own personal discovery of what death exactly is or what happens after death. No one can interview the dead. No one can find out if death is peaceful, or if there is life after death, or whatRead MoreGrappling With Grief By The Survivor Essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesGrappling with Grief â€Å"Guilt is perhaps the most painful companion of death,† (Brainyquote.com, 2016). Life in this day-and-age may often seem unkind, society is inherently violent, as demonstrated in popular films and television series. Many individuals seek to obtain professions that require the employee to regularly stake their own livelihood and safety on the line. Accompanied by the risk necessary to earn nominal wages, exists the probability that friends and co-workers, with whom one may haveRead MoreSummary Of Sweet Wild Boy 1165 Words   |  5 Pagesasked his loyal friend to come and visit. This did not sit well with Mark’s wife, who never supported his friendship with David. Mark left his wife and took David to his parents’ house to live out the rest of his days. He could not see his best friend dying alone in a hospital. By this time Marks’ mother had Alzheimer’s; he found her one day in David’s room whispering to him, â€Å"My sweet wild boy.â €  David had passed and a year later Mark’s mother passed as well. Due to the passing of two very importantRead MoreStages Of Grief By Elisabeth Kubler Ross1399 Words   |  6 PagesUniversity â€Æ' Stages of Grief Stages of Grief Elisabeth Kà ¼bler-Ross developed methods for counseling after personal traumas and grief related to the death and dying process. Higher stages of grief implementation, utilization occurs within the grief and hospice care. Kubler-Ross and Kessler (nd) indicates that misunderstanding surrounds her stages of death as those focused on the typical responses that people experience when they suffer a loss. Kubler-Ross and Kessler acknowledge how everyoneRead MoreThe Consequences of Adolescent Suicide1241 Words   |  5 Pagesthe various views of taking one’s own life. Suicide, and its tragic aftermath, has been the source of award winning movies such as Ordinary People and Leaving Las Vegas, along with the public debate, regarding assisted euthanasia, spotlighted in the case of Dr. Jack Kevorkian. Reports of skyrocketing suicide numbers amongst military personnel and veterans have permeated the national news in recent years. Suicide is even linked to martyrdom with numerous Pre sidents having bestowed our nation’s highestRead MorePalliative Care : A Type Of Health Care For Patients And Families1620 Words   |  7 Pageswork collaboratively with other members of the team to help the patient achieve symptom management, education, communication, and adequate pain medication administration. Carper’s Ways of Knowing (1978) Empirics The science of nursing practice related to palliative treatment would be to care for a patient in accordance to best practice and standard Saskatoon Health Region procedures when working in Rosthern Hospital. An example of the science of nursing during patient care is properly administeringRead MoreHistory And Theories Of Grief1622 Words   |  7 Pagesintense grief known; therefore, bereaved parents are at risk of developing mental disorders (Fasse Zech, 2015). In addition to this unimaginable loss, one must address how to process the loss of a child (Hefren, 2015). Models of coping with bereavement have emerged to provide ways for parents to cope with the grief of losing a child. These include: the dual-process model (DPM) and the meaning-reconstruction model. According to Stroebe and Schut, the dual-process model providesRead MoreDeath in Cross Cultural Perspectives1927 Words   |  8 PagesDeath in cross cultural perspectives Death is inevitable part of human experience, which is often associated with fear of unknown, separation, and spiritual connection. Death is an individual experience, which is based on unique perceptions and beliefs. Fear of death and dying seems to be a universal phenomenon, which is closely associated with apprehension and uneasiness. Death is allied with permanent loss, thus personal experiences of grief are similar in many different cultures. There are differentRead MoreCaring Hospice Business Plan1682 Words   |  7 Pagesoffer compassionate and caring end of life care for terminally ill patients and their families in southeast Missouri. The company name â€Å"Caring Hospice† is catchy and easily remembered by consumers. The name indicates that this company will care for dying loved ones. MARKET ANALYSIS Caring Hospice will be located in Poplar Bluff, Missouri. This is the southeastern region of the state. It is comprised of poor communities where residents often are forced to travel as far as fifty miles or more

Essay about A Case Related to Death, Dying and Bereavement

Introduction Death, dying and bereavement would bring different memories and emotion to bereaved person. There were different manifestations of grief (Strobe, Schut, Strobe, 2007). In the grieving process, we would experience depression, anxiety and fear about death and dying. We also felt loneliness, shock and numbness during death and dying. In addition, there were also some common grief reactions to the bereaved person too. They lost their appetite, sleeping disturbance, being exhausted and many complaints about somatic and physically (Worden, 1991; Stroebe, Schut, Stroebe, 2007). The grieving process may have its pathway (McKissock, D., McKissock, M., Bereavement C.A.R.E. Centre., 1998). In this pathway, it seems to†¦show more content†¦It may last for longer than moments or months (Kubler-Ross, 19732005; Santrock, 2007). The second stage is Anger. In this stage, the dying person or bereaved person were difficulty in settle down their emotions. It was very difficult to care them which was due to their misplaced feelings of irritable. Resentment and jealousy was become a symoblic their life. They might be angry to the world. They might be angry about the facts that he did before, even though they couldn’t do anything to stopped it (Kubler-Ross, 19732005; Santrock, 2007). They felt upset about the loss, they became angry to themselves or other person. But also the angry feelings would expressed towards to the deceased (Kubler-Ross, 19732005; Santrock, 2007). The third stage is Bargaining. In this stage, people would negotiate between life an death. However, the hope for these oeple was focusing on how to pospone or delay the death. During facing death, they would keep asking or bargaining with the god that th eperson believes in. Some people would said that â€Å"Just le me live to see my grandson graduate; or â€Å" If I do this, will you take away part of the loss or the whole of the loss?† (Kubler-Ross, 19732005; Santrock, 2007) The fourth stage is Depression. In this stage, the dying perso gradually understood the certainly of their death. They became silent, refused visitors and spend much time for crying and grieving. Though theyShow MoreRelatedNormal Vs. Atypical Grief And Bereavement1012 Words   |  5 PagesNormal vs. Atypical Grief and Bereavement Introduction †¢ Between 5-9% of the population loses a loved one each year †¢ 80-90% proceed through the grieving process without the need for formal treatment or intervention Normal Bereavement †¢ Bereavement is the medical term for the state of having lost a close relationship1 †¢ Grief is the emotional response caused by a loss – pain, distress, physical and emotional suffering1 †¢ Mourning is the psychological/cultural process through which the bereaved personRead MoreDeath Is The Study Of Dying, Death, And Bereavement1716 Words   |  7 Pagesstudy of dying, death, and bereavement.† I believe that the study of death will be a topic to be discussed and forever researched. There are many different aspects of death that I believe people can study, rather it be cultural believes, medically researching different processes of death, or even just what your own personal discovery of what death exactly is or what happens after death. No one can interview the dead. No one can find out if death is peaceful, or if there is life after death, or whatRead MoreGrappling With Grief By The Survivor Essay1663 Words   |  7 PagesGrappling with Grief â€Å"Guilt is perhaps the most painful companion of death,† (Brainyquote.com, 2016). Life in this day-and-age may often seem unkind, society is inherently violent, as demonstrated in popular films and television series. Many individuals seek to obtain professions that require the employee to regularly stake their own livelihood and safety on the line. Accompanied by the risk necessary to earn nominal wages, exists the probability that friends and co-workers, with whom one may haveRead MoreSummary Of Sweet Wild Boy 1165 Words   |  5 Pagesasked his loyal friend to come and visit. This did not sit well with Mark’s wife, who never supported his friendship with David. Mark left his wife and took David to his parents’ house to live out the rest of his days. He could not see his best friend dying alone in a hospital. By this time Marks’ mother had Alzheimer’s; he found her one day in David’s room whispering to him, â€Å"My sweet wild boy.â €  David had passed and a year later Mark’s mother passed as well. Due to the passing of two very importantRead MoreStages Of Grief By Elisabeth Kubler Ross1399 Words   |  6 PagesUniversity â€Æ' Stages of Grief Stages of Grief Elisabeth Kà ¼bler-Ross developed methods for counseling after personal traumas and grief related to the death and dying process. Higher stages of grief implementation, utilization occurs within the grief and hospice care. Kubler-Ross and Kessler (nd) indicates that misunderstanding surrounds her stages of death as those focused on the typical responses that people experience when they suffer a loss. Kubler-Ross and Kessler acknowledge how everyoneRead MoreThe Consequences of Adolescent Suicide1241 Words   |  5 Pagesthe various views of taking one’s own life. Suicide, and its tragic aftermath, has been the source of award winning movies such as Ordinary People and Leaving Las Vegas, along with the public debate, regarding assisted euthanasia, spotlighted in the case of Dr. Jack Kevorkian. Reports of skyrocketing suicide numbers amongst military personnel and veterans have permeated the national news in recent years. Suicide is even linked to martyrdom with numerous Pre sidents having bestowed our nation’s highestRead MorePalliative Care : A Type Of Health Care For Patients And Families1620 Words   |  7 Pageswork collaboratively with other members of the team to help the patient achieve symptom management, education, communication, and adequate pain medication administration. Carper’s Ways of Knowing (1978) Empirics The science of nursing practice related to palliative treatment would be to care for a patient in accordance to best practice and standard Saskatoon Health Region procedures when working in Rosthern Hospital. An example of the science of nursing during patient care is properly administeringRead MoreHistory And Theories Of Grief1622 Words   |  7 Pagesintense grief known; therefore, bereaved parents are at risk of developing mental disorders (Fasse Zech, 2015). In addition to this unimaginable loss, one must address how to process the loss of a child (Hefren, 2015). Models of coping with bereavement have emerged to provide ways for parents to cope with the grief of losing a child. These include: the dual-process model (DPM) and the meaning-reconstruction model. According to Stroebe and Schut, the dual-process model providesRead MoreDeath in Cross Cultural Perspectives1927 Words   |  8 PagesDeath in cross cultural perspectives Death is inevitable part of human experience, which is often associated with fear of unknown, separation, and spiritual connection. Death is an individual experience, which is based on unique perceptions and beliefs. Fear of death and dying seems to be a universal phenomenon, which is closely associated with apprehension and uneasiness. Death is allied with permanent loss, thus personal experiences of grief are similar in many different cultures. There are differentRead MoreCaring Hospice Business Plan1682 Words   |  7 Pagesoffer compassionate and caring end of life care for terminally ill patients and their families in southeast Missouri. The company name â€Å"Caring Hospice† is catchy and easily remembered by consumers. The name indicates that this company will care for dying loved ones. MARKET ANALYSIS Caring Hospice will be located in Poplar Bluff, Missouri. This is the southeastern region of the state. It is comprised of poor communities where residents often are forced to travel as far as fifty miles or more

Child Labor - 819 Words

Child Labor Laws Child labor laws were made in regards to child labor because minors were treated harshly during child labor. Child labor laws in America have changed throughout the years. Now if child labor laws are disregarded a parent or employer will be fined. Many parents disregarded child labor laws to support their families. Child labor laws were a turning point in history because children were working in dangerous environments, and new standards were made to prevent child labor. Children were working in factories and other dangerous environments. Children started working at the age of eight years old. They were working in factories and other hazardous places. Employers thought that since children were smaller than adults they†¦show more content†¦Eighteen year olds are legal adults so they are no longer under any child labor restrictions. The text says, â€Å"In South Carolina, restrictions on the kind of jobs and the number of hours that children may work help pre serve their safety.† (South Carolina Child Labor Laws) The text explains that South Carolina restricts the number of hours a minor works. Also, they restrict the kind of jobs that minors work at. The reason they restrict these things are because they want to help keep the child safe and healthy. The new child labor laws in South Carolina states the rules and regulations of child labor. Child labor laws were a turning point in history because children were working in dangerous environments, and new standards were made to prevent child labor. Minors were working in factory mills and other hazardous environments and were getting injured. The Child Labor Committee made a list of standards after finding out about the environments minors were working in. South Carolina has new laws in regards of child labor. Child labor laws are made to help keep the children healthy and safe under allShow MoreRelatedThe Nature Of Child Labor1626 Words   |  7 Pagesthat â€Å"Globally there are 168 million child laborers, over half of which, 85 million, are in hazardous work conditions† (ILO). Child labor is not a new phenomenon by any means; it has been going on for years and has become a social issue. This paper aims to portray the nature of child labor in India. It looks at the definition of child labor, the prevalence, and factors that lead children to work. Definition Often time people assume that the meaning of child labor is clear-cut. However, there is littleRead MoreChild Labor1885 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Child labor† By Elie Bou Chaaya ENL 110 Section â€Å"D† Miss Zeina Fayyad 18, January, 2008 Outline: Thesis statement: Child labor nowadays is considered to be a social injustice due to its harmful effects on the personal and psychological life of the child where the kinds of work offered to the child increases the amount of these effects regarding the solutions. I. Harmful personal and physical effects of child labor A. Low pay B. Very long work hours C. Forbids childrenRead MoreThe Dilemma Of Childhood And Child Labor837 Words   |  4 PagesChildren in Need The dilemma of childhood and child labor are constantly being argued in overseas and domestic sociological literature. Anthropologists and Sociologists through the time have observed the history and the impact of social institutions on child labor. Professionals researching in the field of sociology of economics and labor by examining the incentive and value orientations of children and teenagers in the labor force, their principles and working conditions, and their outlook towardsRead MoreThe Issue Of Child Labor1196 Words   |  5 PagesThe issue of child labor has drawn significant attention since early 1990s as many labor union and special interest groups advocate banning import of goods produced by the child labor in developing countries and the international consensus in the form of Convention on the Right of the Child (CRC) which is widely ratified in 1989 by countries (Boyden, Ling and Myers, 1998). However, concern regarding child labor is not new and can be dated back to industrial revolution, especially late eighteenthRead MoreChild Labor And The United States2768 Words   |  12 Pages When one hears the term â€Å"Child Labor†, an image of children making low quality clothing in some dingy third world sweatshop inevitably comes to mind. While this imagery is unfortunately founded in fact, the third world is not the only area complicit with this heinous practice. Truthfully, we, as a nation are also guilty of propagating this heinous practice. For over a century, this nation’s youth were subjugated to exploitation and abuse at the hands of captains of industry in the hopes of extractingRead MoreChild Labor Industrialization Essay1537 Words   |  7 Pagesthat they should be protected. However, those people believed in a child s capacity to change the world in the future. While people in the past saw children as a way to change the world while they were children. In the late seventeenth century, industrialization arose in Englan d ushering in a new era of industry in our world. More industry means more workers, including children. With the rise of industrialization in a nation, child laborers are viciously abused due to their niche roles in productionRead MoreThe Effects Of Child Slavery And Child Labor On Chocolate Plantation1617 Words   |  7 PagesChild slavery and child labor on chocolate plantations is one of the world’s greatest concerns at the moment. Chocolate plantations are specifically mentioned because chocolate is such a large industry and many kids, particularly in tropical African countries, are affected by child labor. In Cà ´te d’Ivoire alone, around 15,000 children are slaves working on chocolate, or cacao, plantations. (american.edu) This problem is concerning because not only is it unethical, but child labor and, thereforeRead MoreChinas High Dependence On Child Labor1677 Words   |  7 PagesChild labor is a commonplace in China. Most of the children in China, familie s work income is dependent on their family’s survival. Child labor is a major issue throughout the global economy, especially in developing countries like China. Although, China has anti-child labor laws, many children in China are forced to work against their will. China is the home of many poor families and some of these families force their children to work because of their struggle with poverty and their lack of incomeRead MoreTaking a Look at Child Labor1957 Words   |  8 PagesThe term ‘child labor is used for employment below a certain age, which is considered illegal by law and customs. Children are the greatest gift to humanity and Childhood is an important and impressionable stage of human development as it holds the potential to the future development of any society. A young child has yet to develop a substantial set of life experiences to allow for mature choices and decisions. Children depend on the support of adults to get them through life to ensure an adequateRead MoreChild Labor During The 1800 S1285 Words   |  6 PagesZach Wood October 5, 2016 Child Labor 1880-1910 Child labor was very common in the late 1800’s and the early 1900’s in many places. Child labor usually took place in a factory working on a manufacturer line or doing as much physical labor as they could possibly do, being as young as they are. These kids who took part in child labor started some as early as the age of four or five, and then kept working until the day they died. Most of the time these kids has to work as much or sometimes

Dubliners as a Transition from Childhood to Adulthood Free Essays

â€Å"Dubliners† is a very particular short-story cycle because, unlike most other cycles, the link between its stories is not based on the recurrence of major characters. Instead, Joyce manages to unify the collection by exploring the same themes, such as the desire to escape a routine and the connection between life and death, from different perspectives. Interestingly enough, these perspectives are tainted by the perceptions that different age cohorts have of their surroundings. We will write a custom essay sample on Dubliners as a Transition from Childhood to Adulthood or any similar topic only for you Order Now The text as a whole delves into these issues from, initially, a more naive and childish point of view and progresses towards a more discouraged and somehow renouncing tone. â€Å"The Sisters† is basically the tale of how a young unnamed boy handles and mourns the death of his friend and mentor, Father Flynn. Although the age of this unnamed boy it not specified, the text abounds in evidence that might lead the reader to believe that this boy is only just discovering the twists and turns of life. With phrases like â€Å"the word paralysis†¦ it filled me with fear, and yet I longed to be nearer to it and to look upon its deadly work† (p. ), Joyce invites the reader to presume that this boy has never encountered death and is therefore intrigued by it. Then, Old Cotter, a family friend, repeatedly makes reference to how â€Å"there was something uncanny about [Father Flynn]† (p. 1) and that he â€Å"wouldn’t like children of [his] (†¦) to have too m uch to say to a man like that† (p1). Such evaluations and the fact that the boy has strange dreams about Father Flynn confessing his sins to him, give way to the reader’s suspicions that Father Flynn is actually a malevolent figure who acted as much more than a mentor. The boy’s inability to make sense of the true nature of his relationship with Father Flynn is also a clue to realizing that this boy is so young he has not yet been exposed to the dark, more vicious side of life. Then, in â€Å"Araby†, another –or maybe the same- unnamed boy describes an intense crush he had on a friend’s sister. To impress her, the boy promises to go to the Araby Bazaar she so longed to go to and bring her a present. The boy meticulously plans his day and even reminds his uncle of his intentions so that the uncle will return home early and provide train fare. However, the uncle’s tardiness and the â€Å"intolerable delay† (p. 3) of the train, resulted in the boy arriving at Araby when â€Å"nearly all the stalls were closed and the greater part of the hall was in darkness† (p. 3). The boy, noticing the â€Å"English accents† (p. 3) of the salesmen, immediately feels disenchanted. Araby was not, after all, the fascinatingly exotic venue he had imagined it to be. By saying that he â€Å"saw [himself] as a creature driven and derided by vanity;† and that his eyes were †burdened with anguish and anger† (p. ), the boy puts into words his feeling of utter disappointment and frustration. This particular remark, which seems somehow inflated, might lead the reader to believe that this is the boy’s first love-related frustration. The whole of â€Å"Araby†, actually, seems to be the story of a boy who, for the first time in his life, tries to do something special for someone special; and h is failure to succeed hits him hard. â€Å"Ivy Day in the Committee Room† is a more grown-up story which unfolds around a political conversation several canvassers hold. In this discussion, it is revealed that the campaigners widely disapprove of the candidate they are allegedly supporting. Already, remarks such as â€Å"Tricky Dicky Tierney† (p. 4) and â€Å"how does [Tierney] expect us to work for him if he won’t stump up? † (p. 5), remind the reader that the men who are talking are adults. Typically, one associates conviction, idealism and blind belief with the young, untouched generations. Conversely, one can associate skepticism and even cynicism with adults, who are those who have experienced frustrations and disappointments that have rendered them more pragmatic. Furthermore, in this short story, the politicians discuss the character of Charles Parnell, already deceased. The manner in which Joyce discusses the issue of Parnell’s death is utterly different from how death is presented in â€Å"The Sisters†. Whereas in the first short story what is explored is an individual’s encounter with death, which culminates in a private mourning in the presence of a body; â€Å"Ivy Day in the Committee Room† presents the death of Parnell as a matter of public opinion and it explores its effects on the Irish society as a whole. Therefore, it could be said that, considering this particular corpus of short stories, â€Å"Ivy Day in the Committee Room† marks the beginning of the more mature and public phase to which Harry Levin makes reference. Last but not least, â€Å"The Dead†, set at the annual dance and dinner party hosted by the Morkans, presents an eventful ball in which several interesting characters are introduced. All along the evening, awkward conversations occur and, through them, it is revealed that these characters are frustrated, exhausted and have given up all hopes. As the main character, Gabriel Conroy, enters the scene, he asks the Morkans’ housemaid, Lily, â€Å"I suppose we’ll be going to your wedding one of these fine days with your young man, eh? â€Å" (p. 3) to which she bitterly replies â€Å"the men that is now is only all palaver and what they can get out of you† (p. 3). Later on, the always-drunk Freddy Malins arrives and Aunt Kate asks Gabriel to â€Å"see if he’s all right, and don’t let him up if he’s screwed† (p. 5) to which she sharply adds â€Å"I’m sure he’s screwed. I’m sure he is† (p. ). Afterwards, Gabriel is cross-examined by a fervent supporter of Irish culture, Miss Ivors, as to why he would rather go to Belgium or France instead of visiting his own country. Following an uneasy exchange of ideas, Gabriel finally retorts â€Å"I’m sick of my own country, sick of it! † (p. 9). As the night ends, Gabriel’s wife, Gretta, becom es absorbed and detached. Irritated, Gabriel confronts her about her unbecoming behavior and, when she tells the story of how Michael Furey, â€Å"a boy[ she] used to know† (p. 7), died, he begins to reflect about love and life and death and finally realizes that â€Å"snow was (†¦) falling (†¦) upon all the living and the dead† (p. 30). All of these characters seem to embody the state of mind one can associate with the outcome of a long life of experience. Lily is utterly disappointed and does not believe in selfless love any more. Aunt Kate doubts that Freddy could ever be sober and, instead of hoping for the best, she only wishes to disguise the worst. Gabriel resents the culture of polarization in which he lives and grows tired of people imposing their opinions on each other. Gabriel finally realizes that nothing can be changed and that all are equal in the end. â€Å"The Dead† illustrates the stage of adulthood in which people no longer believe in the possibility of change and openly act as if nothing had to be concealed†¦ as if there was no tomorrow. Gabriel’s final ruminations add to the reader’s feeling that the characters are near the verge of death. To conclude, it could be said that â€Å"Dubliners† is the story of a city, a culture and the way in which those immersed in it grow up. The cycle begins with stories with younger, more naive protagonists; and then moves forward into stories with increasingly aged characters. Furthermore, the stories themselves become more complex, intricate and lengthy. In a way, Joyce manages to tell the story of the average Dubliner as he moves across the different periods of a human life by integrating the stories of different characters. The fact that all the stories could become the story of the standard citizen, adds to the effect that the book is indeed the story of he who lives in Dublin. How to cite Dubliners as a Transition from Childhood to Adulthood, Essay examples

Consumer Behaviour Personal and Social Factors

Question: Discuss about theConsumer Behaviour for Personal and Social Factors. Answer: Introduction The report consists of the factors that influences the decision making process of consumers of Australia. Consumer decision-making process depends on many factors such as external factors and internal factors. The external factors include the market conditions and the marketing activities conducted by the companies for creating awareness of the product among the consumers of the target market. The topic of consumer behaviour is very important nowadays for the companies to identify the needs of the consumers as well as the buying patterns. It will help in developing new products along with formulating new marketing strategies. There are many types of decision-making process such as impulse purchases, routine purchases, limited decision-making and extensive decision-making. The market chosen for studying the factors influencing the mind of the consumers while buying new products is Australian market. On the other hand, the company chosen for explaining the behaviour of the Australian c onsumers is Apple. The product is iPhone. In the study, the influence of the individual factors while buying Apple iPhone over other smartphones of Samsung, Htc, LG, Sony, etc. The study considers various internal forces such as personality and motivation. These two internal influences help in the individual factors such as motivations, needs, consumer perception, personality and involvement. There are many types of theories that are related to the traits of motivation and personality. The theories will be explained in the perspective of the marketing strategies of the company i.e. Apple. The theories of personality and motivation include the human psychology that is mentioned in the theories. Apart from that, the theoretical evidences of the marketing strategies and some relevant examples of the company regarding the implication of the theory while studying consumer decision-making process are also discussed in the study. Examples are also provided regarding the impact of the individual influences on the consumer decision-m aking process. Individual Factors Many individual factors are responsible for creating a significant impact on the minds of the Australian consumers. Australian market in terms of Apple iphone is depended mostly on the choices of the consumers of Australia. In the market of smartphones, globally Apple has a high reputation. In terms of revenue, Apple occupies the highest position in the market. In terms of market share, it can be said that Apple does not hold the first position in all countries of the world. Samsung also considered as first choice of consumers when it comes to smartphones. However, it is considered that the Australian market prefer mostly Apple iPhones rather than other smartphones. There are many types of decision-making process that consumers are adopting while buying things. The type of decision-making process that are applicable for buying electronic products i.e. smartphones is extensive decision-making process. Extensive decision making process is defined as the characteristics of the consumers which involve a substantial amount of research before buying the particular product. As a smartphone is an expensive product, and there are many substitutes available in the Australian market, hence Australian consumers will think and consider about the substitutes. Decisions are made after consulting with trusted friends, relatives, doing extensive research on internet that includes consumer magazines, reading reviews, online ratings, etc. It can be said that this type of decision-making process lasts for a longer time as the Australian consumers will invest a huge amount of money while purchasing the Apple iPhone. Apple will use many theories and models regarding personality and motivation that are responsible for creating impact on the minds of the consumers while buying Apple iPhones over other smartphones. To measure the aspect of customer involvement in buying Apple iPhone, the company will consider some aspect such as characteristics of the product, number of brands considered, number of sellers contacted, number of various attributes of product evaluated, number of external sources used, amount of time spent in searching the research, etc. However, the aspect of motivation and personality is related to human psychology. Hence, neuroscience is considered as an important tool that Apple can also use while development of marketing strategy and testing the purchasing decision of the Australian consumers. It is described as neuromarketing that is a recent tool that is used by Apple in order to involve the theories of personality and motivation in the theoretical perspective. Impact on the Consumer Purchase Decision-Process There are many theories of personality and motivation that are important for describing its impact on the consumer purchase decision-making process. Personality is described as the understanding the needs of buyers while converting them into potential customers, study of consumer behaviour is important. In order to understand the buying habits and the priorities of the consumers, it is very important to understand the personality of the consumers. Personality of consumers signifies the inner characteristics mainly psychological characteristics that signify his reaction to the external environment (Cervone Pervin, 2015). It can be said that it is the internal factor that controls the reactions of the person towards external stimuli i.e. towards the product. It can be said that the nature of personality is static. However, it can change in few perspectives such as birth, marriage or death. On the contrary, it can also change with the gradual passage of time. There are many theories that will explain the characteristics and nature of personality on the buying decision-making process of consumers. The theories are discussed below (Fleeson Jayawickreme, 2015). Trait Theory- Trait theory of personality represents the features and characteristics of individuals in a definite way. Characteristics and traits are responsible for defining the buying behaviour of the consumers to the products. Trait theorists illustrate that the personality of the individual stems out the actual traits possess while the identification of the traits is very important. There are common traits that are found in the consumers such as stable, outgoing, sad, relaxed, imaginative, practical, self-assured, imaginative, etc (Ewen, 2014). There are certain assumptions that are related to trait theory such as the stable nature of traits and the limitation in the common traits found in the most of the consumers. Trait theorists also stems out the actual traits possessed by the persons while the theory will help the companies to identify the actual traits that ultimately help them in determining the nature of the consumers of the target market. There are two types of theories i.e. simple trait theory and general trait theory. Simple trait theory illustrates the limited number of characters or traits while the consumers are classified and categorized according to the basis of the traits (Marcuse, 2015). General trait theories illustrate a wide array of characteristics or traits and their identification. Freuds Psychoanalytic theory of Personality- Sigmund Freud is known as the father of the theory of personality. Sigmund Freuds theory of personality is considered as the cornerstone of the modern psychology. Sigmund while proposing the theory follows certain assumptions. At the heart of personality and human motivation lie the unconscious drives and needs. The process of socialization is events that take place in the minds of people that is responsible for creating a huge impact on the behaviour of the individuals. The theory is explained in three categories such as ego, Id and super ego (Kandler, Zimmermann McAdams, 2014). Id- Theory of personality of Freud explained that Id is based on the fulfilment of the immediate needs of an individual. The personality component of Id is consisted of an unconscious psychic energy that is responsible for satisfaction of the basic urges like desire, need and urge. Ego- Freud described ego as a state of mind that thinks that it illustrates about the state of awareness. It is separate from one another. In the ego state of mind, the individual is responsible for recollecting the memories in future and gains hope for the future as well as focusing on guiltiness (Solomon, Russell-Bennett Previte, 2013). Super Ego- Super ego describes about the guidelines that help the individuals in making judgements. The aspects of personality are responsible for holding the moral ideals and standards that individuals acquire from both the society and parents. Apart from the theories of personality, there are motivational theories that are responsible for the decision-making behaviour of the Australian consumers in terms of Apple iPhones. It can be said that, behaviour of consumers are strongly influenced by different external and internal factors. External conditions include sub-culture, culture, loyalty, family, ethnicity, lifestyle, social class and marketing mix. On the other hand, internal factors include personality motivation, demographics, psychographics, beliefs, attitudes and feelings. Psychological factors include motivation, attitude, beliefs and attitude (Solomon, 2014). There are some other factors like personality, income level, lifestyle and occupation. There are two types of motivation such as intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is defined as the type of motivation, which is driven by the interest of the work that exists within the person, rather than any types of external pressure. On the o ther hand, external motivation refers motivation that comes from inside. There are some recognized motivational theories that Apple can use while determining the reason of motivation of buying Apple iPhones by Australian consumers. The theories are as follows: Incentive theory: It is type of theory that focuses on intangible or tangible reward that is being presented to an individual after occurrence of a particular behaviour. In psychology, incentive theory considers behaviour and motivation of the individual will improve if they are engaged with the activities that are profitable in nature. Drive reduction theory: The theory illustrates that individuals are sometimes driven by biological drives (hunger). Due to the passage of time, the strength of the drivers increases when it is not satisfied (Foxall, 2014). Escape-seeking dichotomy model: Seeking and escapism are considered as the important factors that help influencing the power of decision-making process of the consumers. Escapism is responsible for the creation of a break in the daily life of the individual. On the other hand, seeking and is illustrated as the urge or desire while gaining the inner benefits of the product. Cognitive dissonance theory: When a person experiences inconsistency between the personal feelings and the actions and the views of the world, then cognitive dissonance occurs (Schiffman et al., 2013). Relation Between Individual Influences and Decision-Making Process Apple, Inc is a company that is considered as the top companies in terms of revenue, leadership, technologies, and most importantly smartphones and other electronic gadgets. The company focuses on niche market in order to sell their product in the market. As it is a global company, hence the strategies related to marketing is also global in nature. Though it can be said that implementation of global strategies in the target market of different countries including Australia. However, implementation of strategy requires a proper market research regarding the target market. In this perspective, Australian consumers are considered (Oliver, 2014). The demand of the market including choice patterns of the customers along with the behaviour of the Australians while buying Apple iPhones is important. Consumer behaviour is important in formulating marketing strategies altogether in order to capture the attention of the consumers. There are many other companies also those are trying to increas e their sales of their products in the Australian market. There is stiff competition in the market in terms of smartphones in Australia. Companies like Samsung, LG, HTC, Sony, etc. are competing with in terms of marketing strategies, features, pricing, etc. The main focus is marketing strategy that considers the consent of the consumers (Tour?Tillery Fishbach, 2014). Here comes the implementation of the theories of personality and motivation by Apple, Inc in order to sell their iPhones in the Australian market. The trait theory of personality in the field of consumer behaviour is important in determining the nature of shopping of the consumers that are coming to the stores as well the potential customers of smartphones. Trait theory will explain the nature and the characteristics of the Australian people. As it is already discussed earlier that consumers dwelling in a particular area possess some common traits that are essential for the company to formulate marketing strategies that will strike the minds of people in order to create awareness about various models of iPhones among the different segments of customers. Freuds theory will help the company to know the inner thoughts of consumers of Apple iPhones (Giovannini, Xu Thomas, 2015). Implementation of this theory in a customized way helps in formulating customized strategies of marketing i.e . formulation of different loyalty schemes, direct marketing strategies. Apart from that, theories of motivation helps gaining the idea and the factors that are responsible for creating motivation among the minds of the consumers so that they can buy Apple iPhones. The factors can be both intrinsic and extrinsic. However, it can be said that both the factors are important. But the most important is the extrinsic factors of motivation. Apple can focus on the external motivation factors of the consumers rather than intrinsic factors of motivation. Out of all the theoretical frameworks described above, Apple will follow the escape seeking dichotomy model, in order to gaining the knowledge about the actual thinking behind the buying behaviour of the Australian consumers regarding smartphones (Papadimitriou, Apostolopoulou Kaplanidou, 2015). Apple focusing on both the factors of personality and motivation will help in the developing different strategies that are effective in nature thereby improving the sales of the iPhones while increasing the revenue of the company. Marketing Strategies of the Firm Implementation of social change and innovation has a direct relationship with the consumer decision making process of the people of Australia. The individual influences of personality and motivation are responsible for creating both direct and indirect impact on formulating different types of marketing strategies in the Australian market. The marketing strategies that will be discussed in the perspective of Apple in the Australian market are 4Ps of marketing and STP (segmenting, targeting and positioning). Implementation of the motivational theories and personality theories in both these aspects will help not only in formulating marketing strategies but also determining the spending habits of the customers and their shopping attributes. 4Ps of Marketing: Four Ps of Marketing Include Product, Price, Place and Promotion. Product: In this perspective, product is Apple iPhone. New models of iPhones are developed on doing a proper market research regarding the consumer demand as well as the future trends of technology in the market of smartphones. Innovation is the main theme that the company follows while developing new strategies as well as new product (Schtte Ciarlante, 2016). Price: Pricing is the aspect that Apples masters. Apple always uses premium pricing for its new gadgets including iPhones. Pricing has no direct relationship with the consumer behaviour as the company knows about the condition of the market along with the Australian consumers. It is seen that by implementation of the personality theories and motivational theories, Apple has gathered the fact that customers will buy their products at the price charged by the company. Place: Place refers to the presence of the company and its products in different places of Australia. By implementation of the theory of motivation and personality, Apple can determine the place where the demand of the product is high. The demands of the customers as well as the shopping patterns are also determined by customized implementation of the theories (Sandy, Gosling Durant, 2013). Promotion: Promotion of the Apple iPhones is innovative in nature. Apple usually targets a niche section of customers. Hence, theories of motivation and personality have illustrated the fact that the Australian consumers are flexible in both traditional and legacy media while collecting information about a certain product. STP (Segmenting, targeting and positioning) Segmentation of the Australian market is totally depended on the consumer behaviour and attributes of the Australians. Segmentation of Apple iPhones is based on demographic aspect, geographic factors, and psychological factors. These fragments of segmentation are based on the different natures of the consumers that can be analysed by using the theories of motivation and personality. Targeting of the product is also directly proportional to these theories. Apple iPhones are targeted to people of higher income group as well as middle income group people of Australia. Positioning of the iPhones of Apple will mostly require the details of the shopping attributes, decision-making procedure of the Australian customers (Gifford Nilsson, 2014). The information collected after using these theories in real life will help in positioning of the product in the market as well as building effective strategies in the perspectives of promotion and positioning. Conclusion The study focuses on the behaviour and shopping attributes of the Australian consumers. It also illustrates about the individual factors like personality and motivation that is considered as important aspects in determining the shopping attributes of the Australian consumers. The personality theories and motivational theories are part of psychological analysis of mind. The psychological perspective is important as it deals with the human nature. The different theories implemented by Apple in developing the effective marketing strategies of the company in order to increase the sales of the company in the Australian market. The marketing strategies include segmenting, positioning and targeting, four Ps of marketing, etc. The study describes the implementation of the different personality and motivation theories to gain the knowledge about the thinking procedure and buying behaviour of the Australian consumers. Marketing is an approach that covers almost all activities of the market as well as the company itself. In this aspect, the four Ps of marketing are focused especially on the part of promotion. It can be said that product development and pricing of the products of Apple is decided by the company itself. The popularity of the company is so high that it creates the demand of its product in the market. And people are eagerly waiting for the innovation of the company. It is also a point of consideration that though Apple focuses on the theory of innovation, but consumers and customers cannot be ignored. It is due to the spending nature of the Australian customers that is responsible for earning substa ntial amount of profit from the Australian market. Australian people usually possess high spending power as the average income of the people is high. It is due to the stable and growing economy of the country that enhances the spending power of the Australian consumers. References Cervone, D., Pervin, L. A. (2015).Personality, Binder Ready Version: Theory and Research. John Wiley Sons. Ewen, R. (2014).An introduction to theories of personality. Psychology Press. Fleeson, W., Jayawickreme, E. (2015). Whole trait theory.Journal of Research in Personality,56, 82-92. Foxall, G. R. (2014).Consumer Behaviour (RLE Consumer Behaviour): A Practical Guide(Vol. 3). Routledge. Gifford, R., Nilsson, A. (2014). Personal and social factors that influence pro?environmental concern and behaviour: A review.International Journal of Psychology,49(3), 141-157. Giovannini, S., Xu, Y., Thomas, J. (2015). 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